In food history, few things evoke more nostalgia than long, rectangular blocks of processed cheese, colloquially known as “government cheese.” Popular in the late 20th century, and especially in the 1980s and 1990s, government cheese has a unique history, intertwined with socioeconomic factors, government subsidy programs, and American culinary culture. This article examines the origins, uses, and enduring legacy of this iconic cheese.

The Origins of Government Cheese
The History of Cheese Distribution
The idea of distributing cheese as part of government assistance dates back to the 1930s, during the Great Depression. Faced with economic hardship and overproduction of milk, the US government sought ways to support agriculture while also helping low-income families. The solution was to purchase surplus dairy products, including cheese, and distribute them through social programs.

The 1970s and the Invention of Government Cheese
Government cheese, as we know it today, emerged in the 1970s. The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) initiated a program to purchase surplus cheese to stabilize prices and allow dairy farmers to continue their operations. This cheese was packaged and distributed to food banks, low-income households, and various social programs across the country.

This cheese was typically a processed product, often made from cheddar or a blend of cheeses, and was characterized by a distinctive yellow color and a long shelf life. It was individually packaged in large blocks for ease of distribution and consumption.

The Role of Government Cheese in Food Assistance Programs
A Staple Food for Low-Income Families
Government-provided cheese quickly became a staple food for many low-income households. Families received it through food assistance programs and often were the only available source of cheese. Cheese could be used in a variety of recipes, providing protein and flavor to meals that might otherwise lack variety.

Using Government Cheese in Meals
The versatility of the cheese produced under the government program made it a favorite among struggling families. It could be melted into nachos, used in casseroles, or simply sliced into sandwiches. Many creative recipes arose in homes that used this product, demonstrating the ingenuity of families who adapted their cuisine to accommodate this cheese.